COMPLICACIONES EN LAS TIROIDECTOMÍAS EN EL SERVICIO DE CIRUGÍA GENERAL DEL HOSPITAL TEODORO MALDONADO CARBO EN EL PERIODO ENERO – DICIEMBRE 2015.

Abstract

Background: Thyroidectomy is the total or partial surgical removal of the thyroid gland. It is indicated in certain diseases of the thyroid, and can present several postoperative complications, being certain factors of risk associated to the presence of these. Objective: To identify the main complications related to thyroidectomies, in order to demonstrate association with certain predisposing risk factors. Methodology: a uni - centric, observational, cross - sectional, case - control study of patients in the General Surgery service of Teodoro Maldonado Carbo Hospital during the period 2014-2015. Results: A total of 105 cases were studied, Whose average age was 48 ± 15 years, 93 (88.6%) female. In the study population, there is an incidence of 28.6% of complications related to thyroid surgery, of which we have: recurrent laryngeal nerve section (19; 63.3%), calcium and / Or hypocalcemic crises (14, 46.7%), post-surgical hematomas (4; 13.3%), postsurgical infections (2; 6.7%) and haemorrhages (1, 3.3%). The highest Odds Ratio was diabetes mellitus, with the development of a laryngotracheal section (OR 3.95, 95% CI 1.20-12.96) and calcium alteration (OR 4.50, CI 95% 1.26-16.11), followed by multinodular thyroid, for the presence of hematomas (OR 19,20; 95% CI 2.22 - 165.88). Conclusion: Diabetes mellitus and the presence of multinodular thyroid are a risk factor associated with the presence of complications following thyroid surgery, in the context of the development of hematomas and hemorrhages.