RELACIÓN DE LA PREALBÚMINA Y EL ESTADO NUTRICIONAL CON LAS COMPLICACIONES POSTOPERATORIAS MEDIATAS EN CIRUGÍA GASTROINTESTINAL PROGRAMADA. HOSPITAL LUIS VERNAZA. 2017.

Abstract

The interest in the relationship between the postoperative evolution and the nutritional status of the patient is fundamental; malnutrition has been shown to produce pathological alterations in the patient's health. Objective: To determine the relationship between prealbumin and nutritional status with the incidence of mediate postoperative complications in patients scheduled for gastrointestinal surgery at the Luis Vernaza Hospital of the Guayaquil Charity Board during the period from October to December 2017. Method: The present research work is prospective, analytical, observational and cross-sectional type. We analyzed 51 patients over 18 years of age of both sexes who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria of this study, in whom the nutritional assessment was carried out by subjective methods (subjective global assessment), objectives (anthropometry using BMI, brachial circumference and Calf circumference), biochemistry (prealbumin, albumin, hemoglobin and hematocrit); to relate them to the incidence of postoperative complications. Results: There was a statistically significant association between the values of prealbumin on admission and the incidence of medial postsurgical complications (p = 0.003 and CI = 95%); Likewise, there was a relation with Subjective Global Assessment and postoperative complications (p = 0.000 and CI = 95%). Infection was the main diagnosis of postoperative complications until the 7th postoperative day. Conclusion: The nutritional evaluation according to the Subjective Global Assessment, biochemical and anthropometric indicators showed a relation with the presence of malnutrition states in the patients. Therefore, it is concluded that the nutritional assessment should be carried out in an integral manner with the association of several easy-to-use indicators that facilitate medical diagnosis.