PREVALENCIA DE NEUMONÍA EN NEONATOS EN EL HOSPITAL ROBERTO GILBERT, 2016

Abstract

Aim: To evaluate the prevalence of neonatal pneumonia in Roberto Gilbert Hospital in 2016. Design: A non-experimental, descriptive, cross-sectional, retrospective, prevalence-type study was conducted. For this investigation, the patient's intervention was not necessary, on the contrary, the clinical histories were used for the data collection. Place: Children's Hospital Doctor Roberto Gilbert Elizalde. Población: Periodo de estudio 2016. Measurement: To determine the clinical, epidemiological and microbiological characteristics of pneumonia in neonates. Establish the relationship between clinical and microbiological characteristics and the presence of pneumonia. Results: It can be shown that the prevalence of neonatal pneumonia in the Roberto Gilbert Hospital in 2016 was 9%. The results of the statistical analysis showed that pneumonia was more predisposed in the male sex. It was found that the most frequent maternal history was cesarean delivery, multiparity and urinary tract infections. On the other hand, the neonatal factors that predispose to the development of pneumonia were low birth weight and preterm newborn. The most common microbiological agent in early-onset pneumonia was K. pneumoniae, whereas Bordetella pertussis was found most frequently in late-onset pneumonia. Thick regular infiltrates were the most frequent radiological pattern in newborns. Conclusion: Both maternal and neonatal factors play an important role in the development of pneumonia. Being these preventable factors, it is possible to achieve a better use of public resources, a decrease in maternal and child morbidity and mortality, and a decrease in days of hospital stay.