PREVALENCIA DEL CROMOSOMA FILADELFIA EN LEUCEMIA MIELOIDE CRÓNICA EN PACIENTES DE SOLCA GUAYAQUIL PERIODO 2006-2016

Abstract

Introduction: Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a myeloid neoplasm characterized by a fusion gene, BCR-ABL, which leads to the uncontrolled proliferation of cells of the myeloid series in all stages of differentiation. Objectives: To determine the prevalence of the Philadelphia chromosome in patients with Chronic Myeloid Leukemia in the period 2006-2016, at the Hospital de SOLCA. Methods: Non-experimental, cross-sectional, retrospective, observational, descriptive, qualitative approach to be conducted in SOLCA-Guayaquil. A clinical record was applied after selection of participants according to inclusion criteria (complete clinical history, complete molecular exams). Information was obtained such as age, sex, evolution, clinical manifestations, laboratory parameters. The data obtained were stored in an Excel database and analyzed with the SPSS statistical software by applying frequency and percentage measurements. Results: We included 181 patients diagnosed with Chronic Myeloid Leukemia, 99 (54.7%) women and 82 (45.3%) men. Of which, through molecular biology, 117 patients (64.60%) are Philadelphia positive and 64 are unknown (35.40%). Of the 117 Philadelphia positive patients, 115 expressed the BCR / ABL p210 transcript (98.30%) and 2 expressed the BCR / ABL transcript p190 (1.10%). Conclusion: A prevalence of the Philadelphia chromosome of 63% was obtained in patients with CML.