PREVALENCIA DE CÁNCER LARÍNGEO EN PACIENTES QUE ACUDEN AL ÁREA DE OTORRINOLARINGOLOGÍA DEL HOSPITAL “TEODORO MALDONADO CARBO”. 2016

Abstract

Introduction: The number of new cases of cancer of the larynx is 3.1 per 100,000 men and women annually and it is estimated that the number of associated deaths is 1.0 per 100,000 men and women per year. Objective: To evaluate the prevalence of laryngeal cancer in patients who attend the otorhinolaryngology area at the Hospital Teodoro Maldonado Carbo in 2016. Methodology: A qualitative, descriptive, retrospective approach was carried out in the Otorhinolaryngology Service of the Hospital "Teodoro Maldonado Carbo" in adult patients diagnosed with laryngeal cancer, who fulfilled the inclusion criteria: 18 years of age and clinical histories complete. A clinical record was applied to collect the required information: age, sex, type of cancer, location of the carcinogenic lesion and risk factors. The data obtained were entered into a database in the Microsoft Excel program and processed with the SPSS Statistical Software, applying statistical methods of frequency, percentage and association. Results: The prevalence of cancer of the larynx was 47%, with the squamous type being the most common with 96.7%. The common symptoms were: dysphonia (90.2), followed by dysphagia (44.3%), chronic cough (39.3%), odynophagia (34.4%). Regarding the most frequent epidemiological characteristic, it was older than 61 years with 72.1% and male with 93.4%. While the consumption of alcohol and tobacco was not common. Conclusion: There was a high prevalence of laryngeal cancer of the squamous cell type in the study population.