INCIDENCIA DE TUBERCULOSIS MULTIDROGO-RESISTENTE EN PACIENTES VIH POSITIVOS. HOSPITAL DE INFECTOLOGÍA. PERIODO 2017

Abstract

Introduction: Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis represents a major public health problem. It is estimated that approximately 4.1% of all new TB cases and 19% of previously treated cases are caused by multiresistant strains. The incidence of MDR-TB has increased due to the implementation of the incorrect therapeutic scheme, poor adherence to treatment or interruption of treatment. Objective: To determine the incidence of MDR-TB in HIV-positive patients at the Hospital de Infectología during the 2017 period. Methodology: Non-experimental, transversal, retrospective and observational study. It was carried out in the Hospital of Infectology of the City of Guayaquil in HIV-TB patients who met the inclusion criteria: Patients> 18 years, with complete data on clinical history and available antibiogram. A clinical record was applied to obtain: sex age, location of TB, clinical manifestations, CD4 + level, use and ARV scheme and evolution. The data was entered in Excel and analyzed with the statistical software SPSS. Results: 164 (11.3%) cases of recently diagnosed TB were analyzed, with an incidence of MDR-TB of 10.3%. 83.3% showed resistance to rifampicin, 66.7% to isoniazid. It was observed that 83.3% corresponds to the male sex between 36-45 years (41.7%). Pulmonary tuberculosis (41.7%) was the most prevalent with CD4 + levels <200 ul (54.2%). 75.0% indicated a favorable evolution. The most frequent symptoms were weight loss (100.0%), fever (83.3%), weakness (79.2%). No relation was reported with sex and age group; while with CD4 + levels there was a significant relationship. Conclusions: A high incidence of MDR-TB was indicated in the study population