INCIDENCIA DE COMPLICACIONES EN PACIENTES SOMETIDOS A PROSTATECTOMIA PARCIAL O TOTAL EN EL HOSPITAL CLINICA ALCIVAR EN EL PERIODO 2014 – 2017

Abstract

Prostatectomy is a surgical procedure that aims at the total or partial surgical removal of the prostate gland based mainly on the diagnosis. Complications of prostatectomy can occur early or late causing a prolonged in-hospital stay or in turn re-admissions that affect the quality of life of the patient. Regarding epidemiology, it occurs with a greater incidence in male patients from 45 years of age, causing a public health problem of great impact. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of postoperative complications of prostatectomy and to establish its incidence in patients undergoing partial or radical prostatectomy at the Hospital Clínica Alcívar in the period 2014 - 2017, and in this way to offer a better directed health service. to patients reducing unnecessary hospitalization rates, morbidity and mortality and mainly optimizing the quality of life of the patient. This study is retrospective, descriptive, observational and analytical in which the data obtained were collected by reviewing the medical records of those patients who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria, reaching a sample of 83 patients after authorization from the Alcívar Hospital. The data obtained were subjected to analysis through the SPSS program and tabulated in the Microsoft Excel 2016 program for later typing in Microsoft Word 2016. The study population was the patients who had undergone surgical partial and radical prostatectomy in the period 2014 and 2017; with a total of 83 patients, who were clinically diagnosed and also presented confirmatory test by biopsy and prostate-specific antigen> 4ng / ml, which according to the age range, prostatic diseases most often affect those who have 68 At 79 years of age, however, it is ix advisable to perform a urological checkup starting at age 45 in order to obtain an early diagnosis and decrease morbidity and mortality due to chronic pathologies in advanced stages due to late diagnosis in old age. On the other hand, the recovery time of the patients is less than 3 months and it was determined that late complications usually occur, the one with the highest incidence is erectile dysfunction with 46%, and secondly urinary incontinence with 41%. %. Among the three types of prostatectomy studied in this study, the one with the lowest incidence of postoperative complications was Transurethral Resection of the Prostate, since the risk of developing postsurgical complications after performing this technique is 4.15 times lower than that presented by the group undergoing Perineal Open Radical Prostatectomy, and 2.11 times less than those undergoing Retropubic Open Radical Prostatectomy.