VALORACIÓN DE EFICACIA DE LA ESCALA DE ALVARADO PARA DIAGNÓSTICO DE APENDICITIS AGUDA EN LA EMERGENCIA DEL HOSPITAL UNIVERSITARIO DE GUAYAQUIL, 2015-2016.

Abstract

Introduction: Acute appendicitis is a common cause of acute abdominal pain, which can progress to perforation and peritonitis, associated with morbidity and mortality, occurring more frequently in the second and third decades of life. The Alvarado score allows the risk stratification in patients with abdominal pain, relating the probability of appendicitis with the recommendations of discharge, observation or surgical intervention. Objective: To determine the effectiveness of the Alvarado Scale for the diagnosis of acute appendicitis in patients attending the University Hospital from January-2015 to December 2016. Methodology: A descriptive, transversal, observational study during the January-2015 to December-2016 period at a public health institution in the City of Guayaquil: University Hospital. Inclusion criteria were: individuals with sufficient data in clinical history to calculate Alvarado's scale, diagnosis of acute appendicitis. Patients were classified into groups according to their sociodemographic characteristics, such as age and sex. Subsequently, a clinical form was applied to collect information on the necessary variables. The clinical file requires information such as: age, sex, diagnosis, anatomopathological examination in individuals whose appendix was extracted. The obtained data were stored in an Excel database and were processed by the SPSS Statistical Software, applying statistical methods of frequency and relation, in order to fulfill the proposed objectives. Results: A sample of 207 patients was obtained, 52,147% were female, while 34.8% were between the ages of 11-20 years. 100% xii manifested sensitivity in the left iliac fossa, while 46.4% indicated colic type pain of severe intensity. Continuing 53.14% of the population with suspected appendicitis corresponds to a score between 7-8 points, which translates into a "probable appendicitis"; Being considerable support for the clinical diagnosis. 15.94% of the patients reported anatomopathological results that confirmed the diagnosis. The relationship between age group and Alvarado scale shows that the greatest number of frequencies corresponds to the second and third decade of life. Conclusions: It is concluded that this scale represents an adequate tool for the diagnosis of acute appendicitis, especially in young patients.