PREVALENCIA DE ENFERMEDAD RENAL CRÓNICA EN PACIENTES CON DIABETES MELLITUS TIPO 2 QUE ACUDEN AL CENTRO DE SALUD URBANO GUASMO CENTRAL

Abstract

Background and Objective: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is one of the most common and devastating complications of diabetes mellitus type 2, both noncommunicable disease prevalence increases each day, representing a major public health problem. Early detection of CKD in this population and appropriate treatment of risk factors are necessary to prevent increased morbidity and mortality in people with diabetes mellitus. The aim of the research was to determine the prevalence of the different stages of chronic kidney disease in the diabetic population that goes to the center "Guasmo Central" Urban Health during the period January to July 2016. Methodology: his study was observational, cross-sectional, and analytical, which included 100 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who regularly went to the health center "Guasmo Central" this population estadifico chronic kidney disease according to the classification of the ERC according to KDIGO guidelines, using the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) calculated by mathematical formulas (CKD / EPI, MDRD-GAULT COKCROFT). the indirect observation method was used and the information was analyzed using a spreadsheet Excel and SPSS version 21.0 for parametric and nonparametric variables. The independent variable was the Diabetes Mellitus type 2, the dependent variable: Stadium chronic kidney disease (stage I to V), and the intervening variables were age, sex, level of creatinine, albuminuria, glomerular filtration rate, index of mass, risk factors, hypertension, accompanying time and level of glycemia. Results: The prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) was observed in the diabetic population was 19% (19) After calculating the glomerular filtration rate was determined that 46% of the sample were placed in the category G1 normal FG or high (> or equal to 90 ml / min / 1.73m2) and the remaining 54% of patients already had a significant decrease slightly xiii decreased GFR, of which most corresponded to the category G2 (35%) with FG . 38% (38) had moderately elevated albuminuria A2 (30-300 mg / g) type and 62% (62) had slightly elevated albuminuria A1 (<30 mg / g). statistically significant association between the degree of albuminuria and glomerular filtration rate (p <0.05) was found, because as it increases Albuminuria (30-300 mg / g) glomerular filtration rate decreases. The presence of two or more risk factors was present in 43% in the studied population, and hypertension (40%) and older to 60 years the most common risk factors. Most CKD patients had BMI above 24.9 kg / m2. There is also statistically significant association between nutritional status and presence of CKD (p <0.05)