"CARACTERÍSTICAS CLÍNICAS Y TOMOGRÁFICAS DEL TRAUMATISMO CRÁNEO ENCEFÁLICO GRAVE. UNIDAD DE CUIDADOS INTENSIVOS. HOSPITAL LUIS VERNAZA. OCTUBRE 2017-OCTUBRE 2018

Abstract

The traumatic brain injury (TBI) is the most frequent cause of death in young adults, in the polytrauma 45% of mortality is attributable to TBI, being the main cause of disability, generating a hospital cost, social and reintegration labor high. The traffic accident is the main mechanism of injury, followed by work accidents, falls and a number of events that generate dynamic changes in the cranial and brain structure. It highlights three stages of mortality, first in the accident site with catastrophic injuries, second generated in the transfer phase or hospital admission within the first hours, and a third stage that varies between 1 to 5 weeks due to complications such as sepsis. Its classification Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) <8 and the classification of the Traumatic Coma Data Bank (TCDB) at the level of computed tomography of the brain. MARSHALL. Predictors of poor results hypothermia, hypotension, hypoxemia, pupils, delay in admission to the intensive care unit (ICU). At discharge we measure the Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) results, assessing five states 1 = death, 2 = vegetative state, 3 = severe disability, 4 = moderate disability, and 5 = good recovery. The main objective is to determine the clinical and tomographic characteristics in patients with severe head trauma admitted to the Intensive Care Unit of the Luis Vernaza Hospital, between October 2017 and October 2018, performed by collecting data obtained in a template designed in Excel , this study is of a descriptive, prospective, observational, longitudinal type; the results obtained showed us the clinical characteristics that are directly related to their mortality; Hypoxia, hypotension, pupillary change and glasgow of admission, and that the tomographic characteristics determined by Marshall's scale helped us to establish that the higher their score, the surgical management was, and in turn doubles the risk of serious disability upon discharge, it is recommended to take into account these characteristics since it will depend on decreasing mortality and disabilities, allowing early social and labor inclusion