Identificación morfológica y molecular de hongos aislados de lesiones, en manglares del género Rhizophora, del Parque Histórico Guayaquil.

Abstract

Mangroves are the second most important marine ecosystem after coral reefs. The distribution of mangrove plants species is strongly influenced by temperature, humidity and large scale currents, because of that they are plants that are exposed to high stress conditions. The mangrove ecosystem is the habitat of a big diversity of microorganisms and microorganisms such as fungi. In the present investigation, filamentous fungi were isolated from branches and mangrove propagules belonging to the genus Rhizophora, from the Guayaquil Historical Park, they were isolated and identified. For the isolation was used the commercial culture media. For the morphological identification, were used taxonomic keys taking into account their macroscopic and microscopic characteristics, while for the molecular identification was use the ITS (Internal Transcribed Spacer ) region. As results, were identified: Aspergillus níger and Aspegillus aculeatus, belonging to the genus Aspergillus, were also identified fungi belonging to the genders: Absidia, Chrysonilia, Chrysosporium and Trichoderma. Some of this genders can be used in the bioremediation of heavy metals, fermentations of food, improvement of mechanisms of resistance to abiotic stress, improve growth in plants and as fungal products, while others can cause diseases and infections in humans and plants.