CORRELACIÓN ENTRE LOS INDICADORES DEL SÍNDROME METABÓLICO Y LOS FENOTIPOS DEL SÍNDROME DE OVARIO POLIQUÍSTICO EN MUJERES DE EDAD REPRODUCTIVA. HOSPITAL DE LA MUJER ALFREDO G. PAULSON, 2017-2019.

Abstract

ntroduction: Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) constitutes a clinical entity that is associated with reproductive and metabolic disorders, among which the Metabolic Syndrome (MS) stands out. MS increases the risk of PCOS patients to develop complications with high rates of morbidity and mortality such as Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, cardiovascular diseases and endometrial cancer, thus generating a significant socioeconomic burden. It has been stipulated that the presentation of MS and its individual indicators in PCOS depends on the phenotype of the patient according to the Rotterdam criteria (A, B, C or D), but there are still contradictory results in the published literature. Therefore, this topic is in need of further study. Objective: To correlate the indicators of the Metabolic Syndrome with the phenotypes of the Polycystic Ovary Syndrome in women of reproductive age at the Alfredo G. Paulson Women's Hospital during the period 2017-2019. Methods: A descriptive, correlational, retrospective and cross-sectional study with a sample of 306 patients, was carried out. The data were collected through the MIS system and processed in SPSS Statistics program, using descriptive statistics and non-parametric tests to meet the objective. Results: The sample consisted of 94 (30.72%) patients with phenotype A, 87 (28.43%) with B, 65 (21.24%) with C and 60 (19.61%) with D. The sample patients were mostly from the age group between 25-35 years, with the exception of phenotype D for which most common age range was 18-25 years. In general, hirsutism and overweight were the characteristics that were most frequently displayed. The prevalence of MS was 41.49% in phenotype A, 35.63% in B, 29.23% in C and 28.33% in D. The p-value of the non-parametric tests to demonstrate association with PCOS phenotypes was <0.05 with four of the MS indicators (WC, fasting glycemia, SBP and HDL-c). Conclusions: There is a statistically significant association between the PCOS phenotypes and the values of WC, glycemia, SBP and HDL-c, being the phenotype A the one that is associated with a higher metabolic risk due to presenting values further from normal in the parameters previously mentioned.