CARACTERIZACIÓN CLÍNICO-EPIDEMIOLÓGICA DEL TRAUMA OCULAR EN PACIENTES PEDIÁTRICOS DEL HOSPITAL DEL NIÑO DR. FRANCISCO DE ICAZA BUSTAMANTE DURANTE EL PERIODO ENERO 2016 A DICIEMBRE 2020

Abstract

Ocular trauma in pediatric patients is the most important cause of childhood morbidity and one of the main ophthalmological pathologies. However, in Ecuador there is a deficient notification that allows to have a referent of the cases in the country, therefore, the objective of this study is to determine the clinical-epidemiological characteristics of ocular trauma in pediatric patients from 1 to 15 years to generate reports. updated at the Dr. Francisco de Icaza Bustamante Children's Hospital through an observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study. Of the 141 patients, the male sex predominated (68.1%) with a male-female ratio of 2.13:1. 47.5% of the children in the school group from 6 to 11 years old. The most prevalent causal agents were blunt objects. According to the BETT classification, closed-globe trauma (60.3%) prevailed, and within it, contusion injury (78.8%). In open traumas, penetrating injuries stood out. The variables sex and age were not related to the type of trauma, while the causal objects were. The main clinical findings were corneal perforation and animal-related scratches, bites, or kicks. Involvement was determined in 56.8% of cases in the left eye. 53.9% of the patients received surgical treatment. As stated, in this study closed traumas prevailed in males aged 6 to 11 years with left eye disease, primarily due to blunt objects. Exhibiting corneal perforation as the main clinical finding. Requiring surgical intervention in most patients.