EVALUACIÓN DE ESPONDILOLISIS-ESPONDILOLISTESIS EN PACIENTES CON ESPINA BÍFIDA ATENDIDOS EN LA UNIDAD MÉDICA DE DIAGNÓSTICO SONO-RAY, ENTRE MARZO/2019-JUNIO/2022.

Abstract

Spondylolysis and spondylolisthesis are two pathologies that cause high intensity low back pain that can even promote absenteeism from work/school. Spina bifida (SB) has been related to the appearance of these pathologies, but the available international studies are scarce and are limited to case report types. Furthermore, no information has been found on Ecuadorian patients with SB and concomitant Spondylolysis/Spondylolisthesis. Therefore, the present analytical study was designed with the objectives of evaluating the clinical-epidemiological characteristics of a sample of 178 Ecuadorian patients with SB treated between March 2019 and June 2022 at the Sono-Ray Diagnostic Medical Unit; and determine the frequency of Spondylolysis/Spondylolisthesis among those patients. The medical history was used as the only data collection tool, and the following variables were analyzed: sex, age, year in which they were treated, clinical manifestations of Spondylolysis, radiographic findings of Spondylolysis, presence of radiographic patterns of Spondylolysis and degree of Spondylolysis determined by radiography. A frequency of Spondylolysis/Spondylolisthesis of 48% was found among the included SB patients. A slight predominance of the male sex was observed (59%), and the majority (58.5%) of the cases occurred in people under 30 years of age. The most frequent manifestation (78.3%) of Spondylolysis was functional limitation, the most common radiographic finding (93.3%) of Spondylolysis was cartilage degeneration, finally it was observed that all of them presented some radiographic degree spondylolisthesis, so the frequency of This pathology in patients with SB is 100%. It´s concluded that male younger patients, are the most affected. The most common findings were: functional limitation as a manifestation of Spondylolysis, cartilage degeneration as radiographic alterations of Spondylolysis, and early degrees of Spondylolisthesis determined by radiography. Furthermore, our findings are useful to promote the development of timely diagnostic and therapeutic protocols for Spondylolysis/Spondylolisthesis in patients with SB.