DESCRIPCIÓN DE BACTERIAS CAUSANTES DE NEUMONÍA EN PACIENTES CON VIH EN EL HOSPITAL DE INFECTOLOGÍA DR. JOSÉ RODRÍGUEZ MARIDUEÑA DE GUAYAQUIL EN EL AÑO 2017

Abstract

Problem: Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is described as a complication in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) affecting up to 70% of them in low and middle income countries. Objective: To describe the bacteria that cause pneumonia, record the most frequent bacteria, describe the patterns of antibiotic susceptibility and describe the distribution of the bacteria with respect to CD4 + T lymphocyte levels in HIV patients admitted to the Hospital Dr José Rodríguez Maridueña in 2017. Methods: A non-experimental, retrospective, cross-sectional and quantitative study was conducted on 99 patients who underwent NAC and HIV, where the result of bronchial secretion culture was described. A data collection card was used as an instrument and the statistical analysis was descriptive using Microsoft Excel. Results: The isolated bacteria were: S. pneumoniae, P. aeruginosa, S. aureus, M. catarrhalis, B. cepacia, S. maltophilia and K. pneumoniae; The most frequent aura was S. aureus, the only one with a pattern of resistance to methicillin and vancomycin. The first 5 cells with CD4 + T lymphocytes between 200 and 499 cells / mm3. S. maltophilia, only presented 1 case in a patient that had more than 500 cells / mm3, K. pneumoniae was more frequent between 0 and 99 cells / mm3. Conclusion: The proposed study hypothesis was rejected, the frequency distribution of the bacteria was analyzed by levels of CD4 + T lymphocytes, it was concluded that in the levels of CD4 + T lymphocytes between 200 to 499 cells / mm3 the highest frequency occurs of NAC.