FACTORES DE RIESGO MATERNOS PARA ASFIXIA PERINATAL EN RECIÉN NACIDOS A TÉRMINO, EN EL HOSPITAL IESS CEIBOS, PERIODO DE ABRIL 2017 A ABRIL 2019.

Abstract

The Spanish Association of Pediatrics (AEP) defines perinatal asphyxia as an attack to the fetus or the newborn due to lack of oxygen and / or the lack of adequate tissue perfusion. There are several risk factors that predispose the fetus or newborn to suffer from perinatal suffocation. The present study focused on determining maternal risk factors that affect pregnant women and predispose the newborn to suffer from perinatal asphyxia, such as: chronic hypertension, diabetes mellitus, anemia, gestational diabetes, gestational hypertension, infections (infections in the urinary and vaginal routes), maternal age, prenatal control. Of the 349 neonates, 60 patients with perinatal asphyxia were identified (17.20%). Regarding maternal risk factors, those that showed statistical significance were: Hypertension (p-value = 0.017) and less than 5 prenatal controls (p-value = 0.015). The ODDS RATIO of these two variables showed that chronic hypertension increases the risk of developing perinatal asphyxia by 12,755 times and that having less than 5 prenatal controls increases the risk by 2,815. Based on these results, it was concluded that to prevent the development of perinatal asphyxia, pregnant women with chronic hypertension must be identified and have better monitoring of their disease through more than 5 prenatal controls.