Discriminación, exclusión y violencia de la población trans y cis LGBTQ+ en el ámbito de salud.

Abstract

Access to health is a right that must be guaranteed for everyone. However, discrimination against the LGBTQ+ population in this area persists, and research on healthcare access for gender-diverse individuals remains scarce in Ecuador. This study aims to examine the disparities in health access between transgender individuals compared to cisgender individuals. A logistic regression analysis was conducted using data from the 2012 "GLBTI" Living Conditions Survey conducted by the National Institute of Statistics and Census (INEC). The analysis focused on three outcomes: discrimination, exclusion, and violence in the healthcare system. The findings indicate that transgender individuals are eleven times more likely to be discriminated against (OR = 11.5599, SE = 1.5469, p < 0.001), seven times more likely to be excluded (OR = 7.6146, SE = 1.7918, p < 0.001), and eight times more likely to suffer acts of violence (OR = 8.8922, SE = 1.9902, p < 0.001) compared to cisgender individuals. These results highlight significant disparities in health access for transgender individuals within the public health system in Ecuador. The study contributes to understanding the current situation regarding discrimination and seeks to promote the development of strategies that ensure equitable health access for all individuals, regardless of their gender identity.