Consumo de Tabaco y su efecto en la Periodontitis entre las personas de 20 a 79 años, un análisis de la ENSAVIB en Colombia.

Abstract

Objective: To determine the relationship between the severity of periodontitis and tobacco use in adults aged 20 to 79 years in Colombia, using data from the ENSAVIB IV study. Method: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted based on data from the ENSAVIB IV. A total of 8042 adults were included to ensure broad demographic and geographic representation. The relationship between smoking and periodontitis was analyzed using logistic regression models adjusted for age, sex, educational level, area of residence, presence of diabetes, hypertension, and income. Results: The analysis showed that daily smoking is significantly associated with an increased likelihood of having periodontitis (multivariate OR: 1.940, 95% CI: 0.460-2.050). Age also showed a positive and significant association with periodontitis (multivariate OR: 1.180, 95% CI: 1.150-1.210). On the other hand, diabetes showed a protective effect (multivariate OR: 0.520, 95% CI: 0.310-0.860), while income presented an inverse and significant association with periodontitis. Conclusion: This study provides additional evidence on the relationship between smoking and periodontitis in older adults in Colombia. The need for more robust research and longitudinal designs to confirm these findings and deepen the understanding of the underlying mechanisms and potential preventive interventions is highlighted.