FACTORES DE RIESGO DE DESNUTRICIÓN AGUDA Y CRÓNICA EN MENORES DE CINCO AÑOS EN EL HOSPITAL TEODORO MALDONADO CARBO

Abstract

Malnutrition is a condition resulting from an insufficient diet that does not satisfy the nutritional needs of the body and can manifest itself in various degrees, ranging from mild to severe deficiencies. This study aimed to determine the risk factors for acute and chronic malnutrition in children under five years of age at the Teodoro Maldonado Carbo Hospital, using a descriptive, correlational, transversal, prospective methodology aimed at the parents of 100 children under 5 years of age through the data collection the survey. The survey was applied as a data collection instrument. As results, it was obtained that the basic factors related to malnutrition for the variable economic level in basic salary (OR: 0.41; 95% CI: 0.17-0.95). For the underlying factors, no significance levels were found. When analyzing the relationship of malnutrition with immediate factors, a level of significance was found for consumption of coladas (OR: 5.69; 95% CI: 0.66-49.23), consumption of vegetables with a frequency of 1 to 2 times per week (OR: 3.82; 95% CI: 0.42-34.82), consumption of refined sugars or processed foods (such as hamburgers, desserts, etc.) in a week with a frequency of 1 to 2 times per week ( OR: 10.94; 95% CI: 1.23-97.46) and presence of diarrhea OR: 2.11; 95%CI: 1.37-3.27). It is concluded that there is a relationship between malnutrition and breastfeeding time in those who have never breastfed, with 20 times the risk compared to those who, if they have breastfed, and those who do not have an adequate diet, with 7 times the risk compared to those that if they have a balanced diet.